Although the dollar still holds strong inertia as a global benchmark, its credibility has been pressured by political and legal instability, the advance of digital currencies, and growing geopolitical complexity. In this context, the event sought to discuss how the dollar's position as the main global reserve currency has brought the United States unique advantages, but also structural weaknesses.

Experts debated three possible scenarios: the continued gradual loss of relevance of the dollar, with risks of financial fragmentation and weakening of multilateral governance, or its eventual replacement by another reserve currency, with China as the main candidate, although still cautious in accelerating this process. Next, the Chinese perspective on expanding the international role of the renminbi (RMB) through currency swap agreements, clearing systems, and the issuance of panda bonds was presented.